Contextualization of Psychological First Aid: An Integrative Literature Review

Purpose Contextualization of psychological first aid (PFA) in different cultural, political, and socioeconomic contexts population groups is essential. This review analyzes the efforts that have been made to contextualize PFA parts world for disasters emergencies. Design Integrative literature review. Methods The major databases were searched related published until August 2019 included JBI, MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), BIOSIS, ISI Web Knowledge, Scopus, EBSCOhost, PsycINFO. A total 17 studies peer-reviewed journals included. adhered Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model, 6W3H tool was applied synthesize results. Findings has adapted various populations countries regions. organizations administer range from community level national level. Professional or “outside helpers” who enter disaster-affected locations include psychologists, fire fighters, social workers, nurses. “Inside helpers,” live work areas, HR staff, teachers, peer emergency personnel. Only a few reported exact number responders administered PFA. Some revised as group based, classification victims. Notably, all adaptations basic principles PFA, time at which ranged days months after an incident. conducted on site studies. selection location depended type disaster local situation with due consideration safety. specified rationale revising None these cost, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness Conclusions Population-focused, context-specific, group-based emerging worldwide. Nurses are actively playing role providing Research gaps exist differentiating between roles played by “outside” “inside” responders, considering vulnerable age other than children, incorporating concepts such resilience, evaluating Clinical Relevance It imperative nurses staff consider intersection age, gender, economic, spiritual when developing context appropriate